光子
多激子产生
太阳能电池理论
太阳能电池
太阳能电池效率
物理
能量转换效率
热化
黑体辐射
原子物理学
吸收(声学)
发光
带隙
电子
光电子学
辐射
载流子
光学
核物理学
作者
Thorsten Trupke,Martin A. Green,Martin A. Green
摘要
One of the major loss mechanisms leading to low energy conversion efficiencies of solar cells is the thermalization of charge carriers generated by the absorption of high-energy photons. These losses can largely be reduced in a solar cell if more than one electron–hole pair can be generated per incident photon. A method to realize multiple electron–hole pair generation per incident photon is proposed in this article. Incident photons with energies larger than twice the band gap of the solar cell are absorbed by a luminescence converter, which transforms them into two or more lower energy photons. The theoretical efficiency limit of this system for nonconcentrated sunlight is determined as a function of the solar cell’s band gap using detailed balance calculations. It is shown that a maximum conversion efficiency of 39.63% can be achieved for a 6000 K blackbody spectrum and for a luminescence converter with one intermediate level. This is a substantial improvement over the limiting efficiency of 30.9%, which a solar cell exposed directly to nonconcentrated radiation may have under the same assumption of radiative recombination only.
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