热电效应
功勋
热电材料
载流子
电子迁移率
热导率
纳米晶
纳米结构
兴奋剂
声子
光电子学
化学
声子散射
散射
纳米技术
塞贝克系数
凝聚态物理
材料科学
光学
复合材料
热力学
物理
作者
Kanishka Biswas,Jiaqing He,Qichun Zhang,Guoyu Wang,Ctirad Uher,Vinayak P. Dravid,Mercouri G. Kanatzidis
出处
期刊:Nature Chemistry
[Springer Nature]
日期:2011-01-16
卷期号:3 (2): 160-166
被引量:959
摘要
Thermoelectric materials can directly generate electrical power from waste heat but the challenge is in designing efficient, stable and inexpensive systems. Nanostructuring in bulk materials dramatically reduces the thermal conductivity but simultaneously increases the charge carrier scattering, which has a detrimental effect on the carrier mobility. We have experimentally achieved concurrent phonon blocking and charge transmitting via the endotaxial placement of nanocrystals in a thermoelectric material host. Endotaxially arranged SrTe nanocrystals at concentrations as low as 2% were incorporated in a PbTe matrix doped with Na(2)Te. This effectively inhibits the heat flow in the system but does not affect the hole mobility, allowing a large power factor to be achieved. The crystallographic alignment of SrTe and PbTe lattices decouples phonon and electron transport and this allows the system to reach a thermoelectric figure of merit of 1.7 at ~800 K.
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