生物多样性
生物多样性测量
环境资源管理
多样性(政治)
生态学
全球生物多样性
生态系统多样性
加权
伽马多样性
物种多样性
生态系统
β多样性
生物多样性保护
生物
环境科学
政治学
法学
医学
放射科
作者
Alessandro Chiarucci,Giovanni Bacaro,Samuel M. Scheiner
标识
DOI:10.1098/rstb.2011.0065
摘要
Although the maintenance of diversity of living systems is critical for ecosystem functioning, the accelerating pace of global change is threatening its preservation. Standardized methods for biodiversity assessment and monitoring are needed. Species diversity is one of the most widely adopted metrics for assessing patterns and processes of biodiversity, at both ecological and biogeographic scales. However, those perspectives differ because of the types of data that can be feasibly collected, resulting in differences in the questions that can be addressed. Despite a theoretical consensus on diversity metrics, standardized methods for its measurement are lacking, especially at the scales needed to monitor biodiversity for conservation and management purposes. We review the conceptual framework for species diversity, examine common metrics, and explore their use for biodiversity conservation and management. Key differences in diversity measures at ecological and biogeographic scales are the completeness of species lists and the ability to include information on species abundances. We analyse the major pitfalls and problems with quantitative measurement of species diversity, look at the use of weighting measures by phylogenetic distance, discuss potential solutions and propose a research agenda to solve the major existing problems.
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