Target genes discovery through copy number alteration analysis in human hepatocellular carcinoma

High-throughput short-read sequencing of exomes and whole cancer genomes in multiple human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cohorts confirmed previously identified frequently mutated somatic genes, such as TP53 , CTNNB1 and AXIN1 , and identified several novel genes with moderate mutation frequencies, including ARID1A , ARID2 , MLL , MLL2 , MLL3 , MLL4 , IRF2 , ATM , CDKN2A , FGF19 , PIK3CA , RPS6KA3 , JAK1 , KEAP1 , NFE2L2 , C16orf62 , LEPR , RAC2 , and IL6ST .Functional classification of these mutated genes suggested that alterations in pathways participating in chromatin remodeling, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, JAK/STAT signaling, and