STAT3 Inhibition Enhances the Therapeutic Efficacy of Immunogenic Chemotherapy by Stimulating Type 1 Interferon Production by Cancer Cells

癌症研究 车站3 癌细胞 干扰素 生物 免疫系统 细胞毒性T细胞 癌症 CXCL10型 免疫学 趋化因子 信号转导 细胞生物学 体外 遗传学 生物化学
作者
Heng Yang,Takahiro Yamazaki,Federico Pietrocola,Heng Zhou,Laurence Zitvogel,Yuting Ma,Guido Kroemer
出处
期刊:Cancer Research [American Association for Cancer Research]
卷期号:75 (18): 3812-3822 被引量:77
标识
DOI:10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-1122
摘要

Abstract STAT3 is an oncogenic transcription factor with potent immunosuppressive functions. We found that pharmacologic inhibition of STAT3 or its selective knockout in cancer cells improved the tumor growth-inhibitory efficacy of anthracycline-based chemotherapies. This combined effect of STAT3 inhibition/depletion and anthracyclines was only found in tumors growing on immunocompetent (not in immunodeficient) mice. As compared with Stat3-sufficient control tumors, Stat3−/− cancer cells exhibited an increased infiltration by dendritic cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes after chemotherapy. Anthracyclines are known to induce several stress pathways that enhance the immunogenicity of dying and dead cancer cells, thereby stimulating a dendritic cell–dependent and T lymphocyte–mediated anticancer immune response. Among these therapy-relevant stress pathways, Stat3−/− cancer cells manifested one significant improvement, namely an increase in the expression of multiple type-1 interferon-responsive genes, including that of the chemokines Cxcl9 and Cxcl10. This enhanced type-1 interferon response could be suppressed by reintroducing wild-type Stat3 (but not a transactivation-deficient mutant Stat3Y705F) into the tumor cells. This maneuver also abolished the improved chemotherapeutic response of Stat3−/− cancers. Finally, the neutralization of the common type-1 interferon receptor or that of the chemokine receptor CXCR3 (which binds CXCL9 and CXCL10) abolished the difference in the chemotherapeutic response between Stat3−/− and control tumors. Altogether, these results suggest that STAT3 inhibitors may improve the outcome of chemotherapy by enhancing the type-1 interferon response of cancer cells. Cancer Res; 75(18); 3812–22. ©2015 AACR.
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