Tensile and impact properties of microcellular isotactic polypropylene (PP) foams obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide

极限抗拉强度 材料科学 复合材料 聚丙烯 延伸率 超临界二氧化碳 变形(气象学) 艾氏冲击强度试验 模数 单元格大小 超临界流体 相对密度 微观结构 化学 有机化学 生物 细胞生物学
作者
Jin-Biao Bao,Alex Nyantakyi,Gengsheng Weng,Jia Wang,Yuwei Fang,Guo‐Hua Hu
出处
期刊:Journal of Supercritical Fluids [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:111: 63-73 被引量:116
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.supflu.2016.01.016
摘要

Microcellular isotactic polypropylene (PP) foams with various cell sizes (1–50 μm) and relative densities (0.86–0.04) were prepared using supercritical carbon dioxide (CO2) solid-state foaming to investigate the relationship between the cell morphologies and mechanical properties (tensile and impact). The tensile modulus of the PP foams decreased proportionally with the square of their relative densities and was always smaller than that of the un-foamed PP. Contrary to the tensile modulus, other properties, namely, tensile strength at break, elongation at break and impact strength of the PP foams, outperformed the un-foamed PP with margins that depended on the relative densities and cell sizes of the foams. PP foams with cell sizes less than 3 μm showed higher tensile strength at break than the un-foamed PP. During tensile deformation, cells stretched from circular shapes to elliptical ones. They collapsed or broke at very high deformation. Small cells (less than 3 μm) were found to significantly reduce the stress concentration under loading. Additionally, PP foams with cell sizes less than 10 μm showed higher elongation at break and impact strength compared with that of the un-foamed PP. During the impact, the cell size and cell density both decreased gradually along the impact direction. Furthermore, a plastic deformation zone occurred when the cell size was less than 10 μm, indicating that size reduction and collapse of cells could absorb a significant amount of impact energy.

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