Application of Enhanced Gravity Separators for Fine Particle Processing: An Overview

Beneficiation of low-grade ore is of critical importance in order to meet the growing demand for coal and mineral industries. But, low-grade ores require fine grinding to obtain the desired liberation of valuable minerals. As a result, production of fine particles makes the beneficiation process difficult through conventional gravity separators. Hence, alternative beneficiation techniques are being investigated for upgradation of metal values from low-grade ores. The gravitational force effecting the separation is replaced by the centrifugal force to usher in enhanced gravity separators. The objective of the present paper is to summarize the applicability aspect of enhanced gravity separators for different mineral systems including non-ferrous, precious, ferrous, and industrial minerals. These mineral systems include run off mine ore, secondary products like tailings and plant slags, etc. For this purpose, the design, operational features, types, and separation mechanism of enhanced gravity separators, such as Falcon concentrator, Knelson concentrator, multi-gravity separator (MGS), and Kelsey Jig, are discussed. Based on our review, research scope and future possibilities of enhanced gravity separators are also proposed.