Prediction of Welding Deformation and Residual Stress of a Thin Plate by Improved Support Vector Regression

Thin plates are widely utilized in aircraft, shipbuilding, and automotive industries to meet the requirements of lightweight components. Especially in modern shipbuilding, the thin plate structures not only meet the economic requirements of shipbuilding but also meet the strength and rigidity requirements of the ship. However, a thin plate is less stable and prone to destabilizing deformation in the welding process, which seriously affects the accuracy and performance of the thin plate welding structure. Therefore, it is beneficial to predict welding deformation and residual stress before welding. In this paper, a thin plate welding deformation and residual stress prediction model based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) and grid search(GS) improved support vector regression (PSO-GS-SVR) is established. The welding speed, welding current, welding voltage, and plate thickness are taken as input parameters of the improved support vector regression model, while longitudinal and transverse deformation and residual stress are taken as corresponding outputs. To improve the prediction accuracy of the support vector regression model, particle swarm optimization and grid search are used to optimize the parameters. The results show that the improved support regression model can accurately evaluate the deformation and residual stress of butt welding and has important engineering guiding significance.