Pathological response following neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: a cross-trial, patient-level analysis

Neoadjuvant use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) before liver resection results in pathological tumour regression in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. We aimed to describe the characteristics of pathological responses after preoperative ICI therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma and to evaluate the association between the depth of tumour regression and relapse-free survival.