Structurally diverse oxygen-containing aromatic compounds with anti-inflammatory activity from Aspergillus sp. LY-1-2

Three isocoumarins, ascoisocoumarin A (1), embeurekol (2), and sclerotinin A (3), and five biosynthetically related derivatives, ascospinols A–C (4, 6, and 7), and talaflavuols C and B (5 and 8), together with twelve polyketides or terpenes (9–20) were isolated from the fungus Aspergillus sp. LY-1-2 inhabited in a sample of Cordyceps sp. Most of them belong to the family of oxygen-containing aromatic compounds and compounds 1, 4, 6, and 7 are previously undescribed compounds. Their planar structures were established by a combined spectroscopic analysis of HRESIMS and NMR, and their stereochemistry was determined by ¹³C NMR calculations with sorted training set (STS) protocol analysis, and ECD calculations. New compounds 1 and 6 displayed potential anti-inflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced BV2 microglia cells.