Modelling a Battery and SOC Calculation Using Coulomb Counting Technique and Simulation of Equalising Techniques Used in Battery Management Systems

The battery storage system (BSS) is a critical part of any electric vehicle (EV). The battery’s unexpected behaviour during use is a major hindrance to its effectiveness and dependability. In this chapter, a battery model is formed using real time test data of a battery in order to make the battery resemble a real physical battery. A State of Charge calculation using Coulomb counting method is employed along with the battery model. As another important aspect of Battery Management System (BMS), this chapter further investigates the active and passive equalising techniques used in battery. As equalising techniques try to maintain charge in a battery pack at the same level, its importance lies in the fact that the battery operation is optimised using these techniques. A dissipative equalising being an old method of equalising technique in which energy is lost during the process, an advanced method of equalising in which the extra charge in a battery is transferred to the lower charge battery is proposed. This active equalising technique is also simulated in this model.