Study on sound insulation performance of sonic black hole with micro-perforated plates

According to the traditional law of mass, the insulation of low-frequency sound usually requires thick, high-density materials. However, lightweight metamaterials containing acoustic structures can also achieve high acoustic transmission losses. In this study, we present a sonic black hole (SBH) device coupled with micro-perforated plates (MPPs) and intraluminal column structure to achieve high sound insulation performance with light weight. The finite element model (FEM) is developed to analyze the acoustic energy distribution and dissipation inside the SBH device to evaluate its sound transmission loss (STL), and the accuracy of the analytical model is verified by impedance tube testing. The analysis results show that the SBH device has excellent sound insulation performance in the broadband and low frequency mainly due to the energy dissipation caused by the MPPs and column structure, and wavelength compression, energy focusing caused by the SBH effect. Finally, the sound insulation capacity of SBH can be further improved by improving the structure, such as increasing the complexity of acoustic medium flow and adding the number of layers of MPPs. The numerical model and the calculation results of this paper provide a new way of thinking for the design and optimization of SBH sound insulation structures.