Recent progress of inverted organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells

In recent years, inverted perovskite solar cells (IPSCs) have attracted significant attention due to their low-temperature and cost-effective fabrication processes, hysteresis-free properties, excellent stability, and wide application. The efficiency gap between IPSCs and regular structures has shrunk to less than 1%. Over the past few years, IPSC research has mainly focused on optimizing power conversion efficiency to accelerate the development of IPSCs. This review provides an overview of recent improvements in the efficiency of IPSCs, including interface engineering and novel film production techniques to overcome critical obstacles. Tandem and integrated applications of IPSCs are also summarized. Furthermore, prospects for further development of IPSCs are discussed, including the development of new materials, methods, and device structures for novel IPSCs to meet the requirements of commercialization.