Effects of music therapy intervention on gait disorders in persons with multiple sclerosis: A systematic review of clinical trials

Background Music Therapy (MT) is a unique treatment method for Persons with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS) that can accelerate their functional recovery. MT has been proven to adjust the gait performance of PwMS in a short period. Its therapeutic effects in gait disorders of PwMS for long-term intervention are also starting to draw interest, but it has yet to be investigated. Aim This review aimed to systematically examine the outcomes of PwMS with gait disorders after receiving MT intervention. Methods A systematic review has been performed using several academic databases with keywords such as music therapy, multiple sclerosis, and gait. The study protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42022365668). Results A total of 405 studies were initially identified. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, twelve studies were finally included. The results showed that all PwMS received MT intervention with different strategies, and ten studies confirmed that gait disorders of PwMS were effectively improved by MT intervention. Conclusion Most previous studies focused on the transient effects of MT on the gait performance of PwMS. This review bridges gaps in the long-term intervention of MT on gait disorders of PwMS and offers references for therapists to design treatment plans. According to this review, MT intervention has positive therapeutic effects on gait disorders in PwMS.