Prevalence of nasopharyngeal Streptococcus Pneumoniae carriage in infants: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies and randomized controlled trials

医学 荟萃分析 马车 肺炎链球菌 随机对照试验 系统回顾 斯科普斯 队列研究 儿科 队列 随机效应模型 梅德林 内科学 病理 生物 细菌 生物化学 遗传学
作者
Gulzhan Beissegulova,Б.А. Рамазанова,Kamilya Mustafina,Т.С. Бегадилова,Yekaterina Koloskova,Bibigul Seitkhanova,А. С. Маматова,Ulzhan Iskakova,Ratbek Sailaubekuly,Zhaksylyk Seiitbay
出处
期刊:PLOS ONE [Public Library of Science]
卷期号:19 (12): e0315461-e0315461
标识
DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0315461
摘要

This study aims to examine the prevalence of nasopharyngeal Streptococcus pneumoniae carriage (NSPC) in infants during their first two years of life and to compare the carriage rates among different vaccine groups and country income-levels. This will be achieved through a systematic review of the published literature, specifically focusing on data from cohort studies and randomized controlled trials. A comprehensive search was conducted in four electronic databases: PubMed, Web of Science, ScienceDirect, and Scopus, using a predefined search strategy. Forty-nine articles met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review. According to the results obtained from the random effects model, the pooled mean prevalence of NSPC was 1.68% at birth (95% CI [0.50; 5.47]), 24.38% at 1 to 4 months (95% CI [19.06; 30.62]), 48.38% at 4 to 6 months (95% CI [41.68; 55.13]), 59.14% at 7 to 9 months (95% CI [50.88; 66.91]), 48.41% at 10 to 12 months (95% CI [41.54; 55.35]), 42.00% at 13 to 18 months (95% CI [37.01; 47.16]), and 48.34% at 19 to 24 months (95% CI [38.50; 58.31]). The highest NSPC rates were observed among children aged 4 to 6 months and 7 to 9 months across all vaccine groups. Low-income countries consistently demonstrated the highest NSPC rates across all age categories studied. This systematic review and meta-analysis provide robust evidence of the high prevalence of NSPC in infants aged 4 to 6 months and 7 to 9 months in all vaccine groups, with persistent regional disparities, especially among low-income countries. The study highlights the need for continuous monitoring of NSPC trends, particularly the emergence of non-vaccine serotypes. Policymakers and healthcare providers should leverage these findings to enhance vaccination strategies, aiming to minimize the overall burden of pneumococcal diseases in infants.

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