[Research advances in human corneal endothelial cell regeneration].

Human corneal endothelial cells (HCECs) are the prerequisite for maintaining corneal transparency, but HCECs remain arrested at the G1 phase after embryonic development and can not proliferate and regenerate. Thus, the density of HCECs decreases spontaneously with corneal development. Systemic factors, primary corneal disease, refractive factors, glaucoma, inflammation, and trauma all can cause a massive loss of HCECs, lead to corneal edema and turbidity, and ultimately induce blindness. Currently, keratoplasty is the only effective treatment, but the scarcity of donor corneas and the limitation of corneal preservation technology restrict the availability of keratoplasty. Therefore, the most appealing way to tackle the tissue shortage problem is corneal endothelial cell regeneration. In recent years, not only the endogenous regeneration of HCECs mediated by surgery, drugs and gene therapy but also the exogenous regeneration of HCECs mediated by cell therapy have made fruitful progress. Although a number of regeneration strategies have entered the clinical trial stage, the wide clinical application of corneal endothelial regeneration is still far away. This review elaborates the basic research, clinical application and limitation of current strategies of corneal endothelial cell regeneration.人角膜内皮细胞（HCEC）对于维持角膜透明性极为重要，但在胚胎发育后便不能增殖和再生，其密度随年龄增长而自发减少。全身性因素和眼部疾病均可引起HCEC大量缺失，造成角膜水肿和混浊，最终导致失明。目前角膜移植手术是角膜内皮功能失代偿患眼唯一有效的复明方法，但供体角膜极度匮乏且其保存技术有限，这使HCEC再生成为研究热点。本文汇总国内外相关研究成果，针对HCEC再生的策略、临床应用现状及其相关技术以及存在的问题和瓶颈进行综合分析，以期为开展相关基础和临床研究提供参考。.