Opposing effects of different soil organic matter fractions on crop yields

有机质 环境科学 营养循环 自行车 土壤有机质 农业生态系统 营养物 农学 土壤水分 农业 生态学 土壤科学 生物 考古 历史
作者
Stephen A. Wood,Noah W. Sokol,Colin W. Bell,Mark A. Bradford,Shahid Naeem,Matthew D. Wallenstein,Cheryl Palm
出处
期刊:Ecological Applications [Wiley]
卷期号:26 (7): 2072-2085 被引量:28
标识
DOI:10.1890/16-0024.1
摘要

Abstract Soil organic matter is critical to sustainable agriculture because it provides nutrients to crops as it decomposes and increases nutrient‐ and water‐holding capacity when built up. Fast‐ and slow‐cycling fractions of soil organic matter can have different impacts on crop production because fast‐cycling fractions rapidly release nutrients for short‐term plant growth and slow‐cycling fractions bind nutrients that mineralize slowly and build up water‐holding capacity. We explored the controls on these fractions in a tropical agroecosystem and their relationship to crop yields. We performed physical fractionation of soil organic matter from 48 farms and plots in western Kenya. We found that fast‐cycling, particulate organic matter was positively related to crop yields, but did not have a strong effect, while slower‐cycling, mineral‐associated organic matter was negatively related to yields. Our finding that slower‐cycling organic matter was negatively related to yield points to a need to revise the view that stabilization of organic matter positively impacts food security. Our results support a new paradigm that different soil organic matter fractions are controlled by different mechanisms, potentially leading to different relationships with management outcomes, like crop yield. Effectively managing soils for sustainable agriculture requires quantifying the effects of specific organic matter fractions on these outcomes.
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