材料科学
阳极
硅
玉米淀粉
复合数
纳米-
化学工程
离子
纳米技术
碳纤维
淀粉
复合材料
冶金
电极
化学
物理化学
有机化学
工程类
生物化学
作者
Hyun J. Kwon,Jang‐Yeon Hwang,Hyeon-Ji Shin,Min‐Gi Jeong,Kyung Yoon Chung,Yang‐Kook Sun,Hun‐Gi Jung
出处
期刊:Nano Letters
[American Chemical Society]
日期:2019-12-11
卷期号:20 (1): 625-635
被引量:200
标识
DOI:10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04395
摘要
Silicon has a great potential as an alternative to graphite which is currently used commercially as an anode material in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) because of its exceptional capacity and reasonable working potential. Herein, a low-cost and scalable approach is proposed for the production of high-performance silicon-carbon (Si-C) hybrid composite anodes for high-energy LIBs. The Si-C composite material is synthesized using a scalable microemulsion method by selecting silicon nanoparticles, using low-cost corn starch as a biomass precursor and finally conducting heat treatment under C3H6 gas. This produces a unique nano/microstructured Si-C hybrid composite comprised of silicon nanoparticles embedded in micron-sized amorphous carbon balls derived from corn starch that is capsuled by thin graphitic carbon layer. Such a dual carbon matrix tightly surrounds the silicon nanoparticles that provides high electronic conductivity and significantly decreases the absolute stress/strain of the material during multiple lithiation-delithiation processes. The Si-C hybrid composite anode demonstrates a high capacity of 1800 mAh g-1, outstanding cycling stability with capacity retention of 80% over 500 cycles, and fast charge-discharge capability of 12 min. Moreover, the Si-C composite anode exhibits good acceptability in practical LIBs assembled with commercial Li[Ni0.6Co0.2Mn0.2]O2 and Li[Ni0.80Co0.15Al0.05]O2 cathodes.
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