Down syndrome and dementia: advances in the field

People with Down syndrome represent the world's largest population with a genetic risk for Alzheimer's disease. This review will provide a short summary of what is known and will include recent findings from the field.There has been an increasing focus on biomarker research in this population, with a number of studies presenting findings on promising new markers - Neurofilament Light (NfL) appears to be one such promising marker that has emerged. Imaging studies have increased our knowledge on the progression of Alzheimer's disease in this population.The inclusion of people with Down syndrome in dementia research is vital from a scientific and an equity perspective. Recent advances in the field can have further impact with multisite, cross country collaborative efforts. For this to happen, instruments need to be validated across language and cultures.