Harnessing the potential of MOF-derived metal oxide composites to optimize energy efficiency in batteries and supercapacitors

Over the last twenty years, a significant focus has been on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which belong to a family of porous materials. These materials are being studied as precursors or templates for creating metal oxides (MOs) and composites used in the future of electrochemical energy storage applications. MOFs are attractive because of their unique features, such as their significant specific surface areas (SSAs), customizable structures, and adjustable pore sizes. The selection of electrode materials is crucial in determining the practical effectiveness of batteries and supercapacitors (SCs). Electrode materials derived from MO composites, synthesized from MOFs, have demonstrated outstanding properties such as elevated reversible capacity, cycle performance, and remarkable rate capability. These aspects make them particularly desirable candidates for electrode materials. This review investigates the potential applications of MO composites derived from MOFs in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), sodium-ion batteries (NIBs), Potassium ion batteries (KIBs), Zn-ion batteries (ZIBs), and SCs. The study comprehensively summarizes these applications current understanding, employing information from published literature and experimental findings. In wrap-up, the review paper explores the challenges and possibilities for future research on MO composites derived from MOFs. These ideas come from what experts already know and from real-life facts. They give a solid base for figuring out what to study next in this area.