According to the principle of thermal balance, combined with material conservation and energy conservation, the key dimensions and structure of the plasma gasifier are calculated. The three-dimensional model of the plasma furnace was established using solid-works and the finite element simulation analysis model was established, and the temperature field and velocity field of the plasma furnace were obtained. The simulation results show that the furnace were divided into incident zone, melting zone and suspension zone due to temperature difference. The temperature of the melting zone is the highest, the temperature range is 2200 K-2400 K, the temperature of the incident zone was maintained at about 1500 K, the temperature of the suspension zone was maintained at about 2000 K, and the mole fraction of the outlet flue gas was analyzed. The accuracy of numerical simulation was verified by the comparison between numerical simulation and actual case measurement data.