IDDF2024-ABS-0440 Global burden of colorectal cancer and its attributable risk factors in southeast asia, east asia, and oceania from 1990-2021: an insight from the global burden of disease study 2021

Background

Colorectal Cancer (CRC) emerges as the third most formidable cause of death and disability across Southeast Asia (SEA), East Asia (EA), and Oceania (OC). Previously, the region lacked consistent and comparative burden estimates. This pioneering study provides the first comprehensive evaluation of CRC's impact over the past thirty years in these regions, including an analysis of the initial two years of the COVID-19 pandemic—an era that posed substantial challenges to the management of non-COVID health issues.

Methods

Our study estimated the incidence, prevalence, mortality, Disability-adjusted Life Years (DALYs), and Years Lived with Disability (YLDs) across SEA, EA, and OC from 1990 to 2021. Utilizing global burden of disease methodologies, we stratified our findings by age, sex, year, and geographic location. The outcomes were presented in both absolute counts and age-standardized rates (per 100,000 person-years).

Results

The total number of prevalent cases increased from 771,663 (95% Uncertainty Interval: 676,409-873,070) in 1990 to 4.2 million (3.5-4.9 million) in 2021. The Average Annual Percentage Change (AAPC) in incidence rose by 4.68%, followed by deaths at 2.97%, and DALYs at 2.43% from 1990-2021 (IDDF2024-ABS-0440 Figure 1). The highest Total Percentage Change (TPC) in incidence was observed in Mauritius at 112%, and the death rate increased by 71%. Taiwan recorded the highest death rate at 21.86 (18.95-24.57) cases per 100,000 in 2021. The highest incidence was attributed to diets low in milk (68,621), followed by diets low in whole grain (64,881), and diets high in red meat (55,476) in 2021 (IDDF2024-ABS-0440 Figure 2). The age group 75+ showed the highest increase in TPC of incidence by 513%, followed by deaths at 293% from 1990-2021 (IDDF2024-ABS-0440 Figure 3).

Conclusions

Diets low in milk accounted for 18.66% and low in whole grain for 17.64% of all CRC-related deaths in 2021. It is essential to implement public health awareness through e-health or health education to address modifiable risk factors. Strategic interventions are needed to reduce these risks effectively.