[Research progress in the association of periodontitis and gestational diabetes mellitus].

Periodontitis is the main cause of adult tooth loss, which seriously affects oral health and acts as a high-risk factor for varieties of systemic diseases. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as glucose intolerance occurred or firstly identified during pregnancy. Prevalence of GDM is increasing over the past years worldwide. Besides adverse effects toward maternal and infant health in perinatal period, GDM also has long-term effects. Current studies have demonstrated that there is a bidirectional relationship between periodontitis and diabetes; however, the exact relationship between periodontitis and GDM remains elusive. In this paper, first reviewed the clinical association of periodontitis and GDM, and then discussed the underlying mechanisms of the two diseases, finally summarized the positive effect of periodontal therapy in controlling GDM. This paper will provide theoretical basis for the prevention diagnosis and therapy for the related diseases, promoting the maternal and infant health.牙周炎是成人失牙的首要原因，严重影响口腔健康，是多种全身系统性疾病的高危因素。妊娠期糖尿病（gestational diabetes mellitus，GDM）是孕妇妊娠期首次发现或发生的血糖代谢异常，其发病率在全球范围内呈逐年上升趋势，不仅损害围产期母婴健康，其远期危害也不容忽视。现有研究已经证实牙周炎和糖尿病之间存在双向作用关系，但不同研究对牙周炎和GDM之间的关联结论不一。本文对两种疾病的临床相互作用进行综述，探讨了牙周炎与GDM相互影响的可能作用机制，并总结了妊娠期牙周治疗对控制GDM的积极作用，以期为疾病的预防诊治以及促进母婴健康提供理论依据。.