Global, regional, and national prevalence and trends of infertility among individuals of reproductive age (15–49 years) from 1990 to 2021, with projections to 2040

不育 人口学 医学 妇科 地理 生物 怀孕 遗传学 社会学
作者
Yuanhao Liang,Jing Huang,Qiang Zhao,Haixin Mo,Zhaohong Su,Suihua Feng,Shuzhen Li,Xiaohong Ruan
出处
期刊:Human Reproduction [Oxford University Press]
被引量:7
标识
DOI:10.1093/humrep/deae292
摘要

Abstract STUDY QUESTION What is the prevalence and trend of infertility among individuals of childbearing age at global, regional, and national levels by sex and socio-demographic index (SDI) across 21 regions and 204 countries and territories? SUMMARY ANSWER Our findings reveal a growing prevalence of infertility among individuals aged 15–49 years worldwide from 1990 to 2021, with an expected continued increase through 2040. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Infertility is a persistent global reproductive health issue, leading to significant societal and health consequences. No study has specifically described the current prevalence of infertility, its secular trend, or the variations between regions or countries with different SDI levels. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A sex- and SDI-stratified systematic analysis of the prevalence of infertility across 21 regions and 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021 has been performed. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We retrieved data from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2021 on the count and crude rate of infertility prevalence for individuals aged 15–49 years across 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021. In the GBD 2021 framework, infertility is defined as the absence of a live birth in a couple who have been in a union for at least 5 years and are actively trying to conceive, or in a couple who have been in a union for at least 5 years since their last live birth, with no use of contraceptives during this period. Estimated annual percent change was calculated to quantify the temporal trend in age-standardized prevalence rates (ASPRs) for infertility by sex, age, and SDI. The Bayesian age-period-cohort model was used to project the ASPRs from 2022 to 2040. MAIN RESULTS AND ROLE OF CHANCE In 2021, an estimated 55 000 818 men and 110 089 459 women were living with infertility worldwide, corresponding to approximately 1820.6 cases per 100 000 population (1.8%) for males and 3713.2 cases per 100 000 population (3.7%) for females. Regionally, the highest infertility prevalence was observed in middle SDI regions, such as East and South Asia and Eastern Europe. Infertility primarily affected the age group of 35–39 years and females in most regions, with some notable exceptions. Between 1990 and 2021, the global ASPRs of infertility increased by an average of 0.49% (95% CI 0.34–0.63) for males and 0.68% (0.51–0.86) for females. Additionally, the fastest increase in female infertility occurred in high SDI regions, while the most significant rise in male infertility was seen in low-middle SDI areas. Furthermore, the global ASPR of male infertility is projected to rise more rapidly than that of female infertility from 2022 to 2040. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The primary data sources for the infertility burden in the GBD 2021 are population-based surveys; however, less-developed regions often lack complete population-based statistics, leading to potential reporting bias of the infertility burden in these areas due to data sparsity and incompleteness. Additionally, this study could not separately assess the prevalence and trends of primary and secondary infertility. Furthermore, the GBD 2021 does not provide the attributable proportion of each cause of infertility; hence, we cannot compare the contribution of these causes to infertility by sex, age, and location. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Sexual and reproductive health are crucial for individuals’ health, economic development, and overall human wellbeing. It is essential for governments and the public to recognize the severity of infertility and prioritize the implementation of targeted interventions to enhance reproductive health. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was supported by the grants from the Science and Technology Project of Jiangmen (2020030103110009027). The authors have declared no conflict of interest. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
最长约 10秒,即可获得该文献文件

科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI
更新
PDF的下载单位、IP信息已删除 (2025-6-4)

科研通是完全免费的文献互助平台,具备全网最快的应助速度,最高的求助完成率。 对每一个文献求助,科研通都将尽心尽力,给求助人一个满意的交代。
实时播报
Baobao发布了新的文献求助10
刚刚
古月发布了新的文献求助10
刚刚
顾矜应助默默采纳,获得10
1秒前
YangMengting完成签到 ,获得积分10
1秒前
67777完成签到,获得积分10
1秒前
李鱼丸发布了新的文献求助10
3秒前
4秒前
苏苏完成签到,获得积分10
8秒前
巫马尔槐完成签到,获得积分10
8秒前
8秒前
向响响发布了新的文献求助10
9秒前
活力的柠檬完成签到,获得积分10
9秒前
szy完成签到,获得积分10
12秒前
jy关闭了jy文献求助
14秒前
汉堡包应助小超哥哥小采纳,获得10
14秒前
17秒前
聪明笑蓝发布了新的文献求助20
20秒前
mue完成签到,获得积分10
22秒前
聪慧芷巧发布了新的文献求助10
22秒前
z落水无痕完成签到,获得积分10
23秒前
25秒前
共享精神应助stresm采纳,获得10
30秒前
30秒前
szy关注了科研通微信公众号
31秒前
31秒前
科研通AI5应助李鱼丸采纳,获得100
33秒前
Vickicherry发布了新的文献求助30
34秒前
乘风发布了新的文献求助10
36秒前
36秒前
Lucas应助秋半雪采纳,获得10
37秒前
kwm完成签到,获得积分10
37秒前
数学情缘完成签到,获得积分10
38秒前
领导范儿应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
40秒前
CipherSage应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
40秒前
斯文败类应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
40秒前
moumou应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
40秒前
英俊的铭应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
40秒前
天天快乐应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
41秒前
汉堡包应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
41秒前
李爱国应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
41秒前
高分求助中
The Mother of All Tableaux: Order, Equivalence, and Geometry in the Large-scale Structure of Optimality Theory 3000
Social Research Methods (4th Edition) by Maggie Walter (2019) 1030
A new approach to the extrapolation of accelerated life test data 1000
Indomethacinのヒトにおける経皮吸収 400
基于可调谐半导体激光吸收光谱技术泄漏气体检测系统的研究 370
Phylogenetic study of the order Polydesmida (Myriapoda: Diplopoda) 370
Robot-supported joining of reinforcement textiles with one-sided sewing heads 320
热门求助领域 (近24小时)
化学 材料科学 医学 生物 工程类 有机化学 生物化学 物理 内科学 纳米技术 计算机科学 化学工程 复合材料 遗传学 基因 物理化学 催化作用 冶金 细胞生物学 免疫学
热门帖子
关注 科研通微信公众号,转发送积分 3994126
求助须知:如何正确求助?哪些是违规求助? 3534654
关于积分的说明 11266191
捐赠科研通 3274571
什么是DOI,文献DOI怎么找? 1806394
邀请新用户注册赠送积分活动 883273
科研通“疑难数据库(出版商)”最低求助积分说明 809724