Radiographic outcomes of lateral sinus floor elevation at sites without perforations and sites with perforations managed with a resorbable membrane: A retrospective study

Abstract Aim To evaluate the radiographic outcomes of lateral sinus floor elevation with simultaneous implant placement at sites without sinus membrane perforation (SMP) and sites with SMP managed with a resorbable membrane. Materials and Methods One hundred and thirty‐nine patients and 170 implants (56 perforation, 114 non‐perforation) were included. Cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were taken before surgery (T0), immediately after surgery (T1) and 6 months after surgery (T2). Post‐operative augmentation parameters, including endo‐sinus bone gain (ESBG) along the implant axis, mean new bone height (NBH) surrounding the implant and augmentation volume (AV), were measured at T1 and T2. Results At T1, there were no significant differences in ESBG, NBH and AV between the two groups. At T2, although ESBG did not significantly differ between the two groups, NBH (8.50 ± 1.99 mm vs. 9.99 ± 2.52 mm, p = .039) and AV (519.37 ± 258.38 mm 3 vs. 700.99 ± 346.53 mm 3 , p < .001) were significantly lower in the perforation group. The shrinkage of graft material from T1 to T2, including ΔESBG ( p = .002), ΔNBH ( p < .001) and ΔAV ( p < .001), was higher in the perforation group. Conclusions SMP during LSFE with simultaneous implant placement is associated with greater resorption of the grafted area at a 6‐month follow‐up.