Dynamic Multi‐Party to Multi‐Party Quantum Secret Sharing based on Bell States

Abstract Quantum secret sharing as a privacy‐preserving scheme necessitating collaborative efforts from all participating users to collectively recover encrypted information. This paper introduces a novel dynamic multi‐party to multi‐party quantum secret sharing protocol based on Bell states, enabling secure sharing of secrets among dynamically changing multi‐party. The protocol innovatively employs Bell states combined with simplified local unitary operations, significantly reducing the complexity and enhancing the scalability of practical implementations in quantum communication systems. Particularly, through simulation using IBM's Qiskit framework, its correctness and practicality are confirmed. Security analysis demonstrates that the protocol effectively withstands common attack methods, providing reliability, and security in quantum communication. This research presents a more flexible and efficient solution in the field of quantum secret sharing.