Photodynamic therapy for infections: Clinical applications

Lasers in Surgery and MedicineVolume 43, Issue 7 p. 755-767 Reviews-Clinical Photodynamic therapy for infections: Clinical applications Gitika B. Kharkwal, Gitika B. Kharkwal Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MassachusettsSearch for more papers by this authorSulbha K. Sharma, Sulbha K. Sharma Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MassachusettsSearch for more papers by this authorYing-Ying Huang, Ying-Ying Huang Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts Aesthetic and Plastic Center of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorTianhong Dai, Tianhong Dai Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MassachusettsSearch for more papers by this authorMichael R. Hamblin PhD, Corresponding Author Michael R. Hamblin PhD [email protected] Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MassachusettsBAR314B, 40 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114.Search for more papers by this author Gitika B. Kharkwal, Gitika B. Kharkwal Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MassachusettsSearch for more papers by this authorSulbha K. Sharma, Sulbha K. Sharma Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MassachusettsSearch for more papers by this authorYing-Ying Huang, Ying-Ying Huang Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts Aesthetic and Plastic Center of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, PR ChinaSearch for more papers by this authorTianhong Dai, Tianhong Dai Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MassachusettsSearch for more papers by this authorMichael R. Hamblin PhD, Corresponding Author Michael R. Hamblin PhD [email protected] Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, MassachusettsBAR314B, 40 Blossom Street, Boston, MA 02114.Search for more papers by this author First published: 23 August 2011 https://doi.org/10.1002/lsm.21080Citations: 382Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Abstract Background and Objective Photodynamic therapy (PDT) was discovered over 100 years ago by its ability to kill various microorganisms when the appropriate dye and light were combined in the presence of oxygen. However it is only in relatively recent times that PDT has been studied as a treatment for various types of localized infections. This resurgence of interest has been partly motivated by the alarming increase in drug resistance amongst bacteria and other pathogens. This review will focus on the clinical applications of antimicrobial PDT. Study Design/Materials and Methods The published peer-reviewed literature was reviewed between 1960 and 2011. Results The basics of antimicrobial PDT are discussed. Clinical applications of antimicrobial PDT to localized viral infections caused by herpes and papilloma viruses, and nonviral dermatological infections such as acne and other yeast, fungal and bacterial skin infections are covered. PDT has been used to treat bacterial infections in brain abscesses and non-healing ulcers. PDT for dental infections including periodontitis and endodontics has been well studied. PDT has also been used for cutaneous Leishmaniasis. Clinical trials of PDT and blue light alone therapy for gastric Helicobacter pylori infection are also covered. Conclusion As yet clinical PDT for infections has been mainly in the field of dermatology using 5-aminolevulanic acid and in dentistry using phenothiazinium dyes. We expect more to see applications of PDT to more challenging infections using advanced antimicrobial photosensitizers targeted to microbial cells in the years to come. Lasers Surg. Med. 43:755–767, 2011. © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. REFERENCES 1 Athar M, Mukhtar H, Bickers DR. Differential role of reactive oxygen intermediates in photofrin-I- and photofrin-II-mediated photoenhancement of lipid peroxidation in epidermal microsomal membranes. 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