Tailoring a Nanochaperone to Regulate α‐Synuclein Assembly

Protein misassembly leads to the formation of dysfunctional and toxic molecular species relating to neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. Here, we tailored a nanochaperone (αS-nChap) for α-synuclein to regulate its assembly. The αS-nChap is capable of i) specifically recognizing α-synuclein; ii) dynamically capturing and stabilizing monomeric α-synuclein and retarding oligomerization; iii) tightly capturing oligomeric α-synuclein to prevent fibrillization; and iv) transporting α-synuclein oligomers to the lysosomal degradation system. The regulation of α-synuclein assembly by αS-nChap was studied in vitro. Moreover, the role of αS-nChap preventing α-synuclein pathology in cells and protecting neurons from apoptosis was investigated. The strategy of tailoring a nanochaperone to regulate aberrant assembly of pathogenic proteins provides important insights into protein misfolding diseases. We foresee that αS-nChap has therapeutic value for Parkinson's disease.