On the modeling of sound radiation from poroelastic materials

Numerical approaches based on finite element discretizations of Biot’s poroelasticity equations provide efficient tools to solve problems where the porous material is coupled to elastic structures and finite extent acoustic cavities. Sometimes, it may be relevant to evaluate the radiation of a poroelastic material into an infinite fluid medium. Examples include (i) the evaluation of the diffuse field sound absorption coefficient of a porous material and/or the sound transmission loss of an elastic plate coupled to a porous sheet, (ii) the assessment of the acoustic radiation damping of a porous material coupled to a vibrating structure. The latter is particularly important for the correct experimental characterization of the intrinsic damping of the material’s frame. Up to now, the acoustic radiation of a porous medium into an unbounded fluid medium has usually been neglected. The classical approaches for modeling free field radiation of porous materials (i) assumes the interstitial pressure at the radiation surface to be zero or (ii) fixes the radiation impedance to an approximate value. This paper discusses the limitations of these assumptions and presents a numerical formulation for evaluating the sound radiation of baffled poroelastic media including fluid loading effects. The problem is solved using a mixed FEM-BEM approach where the fluid loading is accounted for using an admittance matrix. Both numerical examples and a transmission loss test are presented to illustrate the performance of the technique and its applications.