Relationship of dietary fat to glucose metabolism

内分泌学 内科学 碳水化合物代谢 新陈代谢 多不饱和脂肪 2型糖尿病 胰岛素抵抗 脂肪酸 胰岛素 多不饱和脂肪酸 基础(医学) 肥胖 生物 糖耐量受损 葡萄糖转运蛋白 膳食脂肪 糖尿病 饱和脂肪 医学 生物化学 胆固醇
作者
Alice H. Lichtenstein,Ursula Schwab
出处
期刊:Atherosclerosis [Elsevier]
卷期号:150 (2): 227-243 被引量:244
标识
DOI:10.1016/s0021-9150(99)00504-3
摘要

The relationship between dietary fat and glucose metabolism has been recognized for at least 60 years. In experimental animals, high fat diets result in impaired glucose tolerance. This impairment is associated with decreased basal and insulin-stimulated glucose metabolism. Impaired insulin binding and/or glucose transporters has been related to changes in the fatty acid composition of the membrane induced by dietary fat modification. In humans, high-fat diets, independent of fatty acid profile, have been reported to result in decreased insulin sensitivity. Saturated fat, relative to monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fat, appears to be more deleterious with respect to fat-induced insulin insensitivity. Some of the adverse effects induced by fat feeding can be ameliorated with omega-3 fatty acid. Epidemiological data in humans suggest that subjects with higher intakes of fat are more prone to develop disturbances in glucose metabolism, type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance, than subjects with lower intakes of fat. Inconsistencies in the data may be attributable to clustering of high intakes of dietary fat (especially animal fat) with obesity and inactivity. Metabolic studies suggest that higher-fat diets containing a higher proportion of unsaturated fat result in better measures of glucose metabolism than high-carbohydrate diet. Clearly, the area of dietary fat and glucose metabolism has yet to be fully elucidated.
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