Synthesis and Modifications of Epoxy Resins and Their Composites: A Review

This article is designed to review the developments in synthesis, modifications, and properties of epoxy monomers derived from both petroleum and renewable resources. It begins with the enhancement in epoxy monomer properties such as mechanical, thermal, adhesive, barrier, etc. by addition of flexible polymer and elastomers. It also explains the role of organic/inorganic fillers on epoxy monomers to achieve the desired properties for outdoor applications. The effects of chemical/physical treatments on fiber are reviewed and their improvements with epoxy monomers are also observed. The authors also suggest for further improvement of epoxy monomers to obtain various eco-friendly high-performance applications.