免疫学
生物
趋化因子
趋化因子受体
免疫系统
受体
获得性免疫系统
细胞因子
T细胞
先天免疫系统
细胞生物学
遗传学
作者
Javier Mestas,Christopher C.W. Hughes
出处
期刊:Journal of Immunology
[The American Association of Immunologists]
日期:2004-03-01
卷期号:172 (5): 2731-2738
被引量:2799
标识
DOI:10.4049/jimmunol.172.5.2731
摘要
Mice are the experimental tool of choice for the majority of immunologists and the study of their immune responses has yielded tremendous insight into the workings of the human immune system. However, as 65 million years of evolution might suggest, there are significant differences. Here we outline known discrepancies in both innate and adaptive immunity, including: balance of leukocyte subsets, defensins, Toll receptors, inducible NO synthase, the NK inhibitory receptor families Ly49 and KIR, FcR, Ig subsets, the B cell (BLNK, Btk, and lambda5) and T cell (ZAP70 and common gamma-chain) signaling pathway components, Thy-1, gammadelta T cells, cytokines and cytokine receptors, Th1/Th2 differentiation, costimulatory molecule expression and function, Ag-presenting function of endothelial cells, and chemokine and chemokine receptor expression. We also provide examples, such as multiple sclerosis and delayed-type hypersensitivity, where complex multicomponent processes differ. Such differences should be taken into account when using mice as preclinical models of human disease.
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