Normal impact of a liquid drop on a dry surface: model for spreading and receding

The normal impact of a liquid drop on a dry solid surface is studied experimentally and theoretically. In this paper a strictly theoretical model is introduced, which predicts the evolution of the drop diameter. The spreading and receding phases of the impact are described by the motion of a rim appearing at the edge of the liquid film (lamella) due to the surface–tension forces. The mass and the momentum equations of the rim are considered, taking into account the effects of inertial, viscous and surface forces, and wettability. Also, simplified approximations for the maximum spreading diameter of the drop and for the velocity of the merging of the rim in the receding phase are obtained. The theoretical predictions agree well with available experimental data.