Noninvasive imaging of hollow structures and gas movement revealed the gas partial‐pressure‐gradient‐driven long‐distance gas movement in the aerenchyma along the leaf blade to submerged organs in rice

通气组织 水稻 叶片 生物 光合作用 示踪剂 农学 植物 生物化学 基因 物理 核物理学
作者
Yong‐Gen Yin,Yoshinao Mori,Nobuo Suzui,Keisuke Kurita,Mitsutaka Yamaguchi,Yuta Miyoshi,Yuto Nagao,Motoyuki Ashikari,Keisuke Nagai,Naoki Kawachi
出处
期刊:New Phytologist [Wiley]
卷期号:232 (5): 1974-1984 被引量:11
标识
DOI:10.1111/nph.17726
摘要

Summary Rice ( Oryza sativa ) plants have porous or hollow organs consisting of aerenchyma, which is presumed to function as a low‐resistance diffusion pathway for air to travel from the foliage above the water to submerged organs. However, gas movement in rice plants has yet to be visualized in real time. In this study involving partially submerged rice plants, the leaves emerging from the water were fed nitrogen‐13‐labeled nitrogen ([ 13 N]N 2 ) tracer gas, and the gas movement downward along the leaf blade, leaf sheath, and internode over time was monitored. The [ 13 N]N 2 gas arrived at the bottom of the plant within 10 min, which was 20 min earlier than carbon‐11 photoassimilates. The [ 13 N]N 2 gas movement was presumably mediated by diffusion along the aerenchyma network from the leaf blade to the root via nodes functioning as junctions, which were detected by X‐ray computed tomography. These findings imply the diffusion of gas along the aerenchyma, which does not consume energy, has enabled plants to adapt to aquatic environments. Additionally, there were no major differences in [ 13 N]N 2 gas movement between paddy rice and deepwater rice plants, indicative of a common aeration mechanism in the two varieties, despite the difference in their response to flooding.
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