Prognostic assessment of the zone of occurrence of radiation combined injuries within a nuclear blast area

热核聚变 起爆 震中 船员 核爆炸 核工程 核武器 中子 放射性武器 电磁屏蔽 超新星 环境科学 物理 气象学 地震学 地质学 航空学 核物理学 工程类 医学 地理 天体物理学 放射科 爆炸物 考古 等离子体 量子力学
作者
Igor Cherniavskiy,Volodymyr Vinnikov
出处
期刊:International Journal of Radiation Biology [Taylor & Francis]
卷期号:98 (5): 878-889
标识
DOI:10.1080/09553002.2021.1998707
摘要

A detonation of nuclear weapon (NW) is considered as one of the most devastating radiological scenarios in the list of modern global threats. An essential proportion of victims in a mass casualty radiation event may require an immediate medical care due to radiation combined injuries (RCI). Surprisingly, there is a lack of clear guidance for quantitative prognosis of the spatial distribution of expected RCI casesin a given nuclear explosion scenario.This work is aimed at the presentation of a new, improved model, allowing more confident evaluation of the contributions from different NW destructive forces to RCI formation, thus leading to more accurate approximation of the zone around the epicenter for a guided search for RCI cases.The model is made compatible with a classic approach and provides the estimates of radial distance from the epicenter, at which NW explosion can produce RCI. Mathematical formalism comprises a set of equations for the reciprocal assessment of a distance-effect for radiation dose (separately for neutrons and gamma-rays), thermal wave and blast shock wave depending on the NW type, detonation yield and altitude, environmental conditions (i.e. season) and shielding factors. The model's capabilities were demonstrated using an example of the RCI grade causing a profound operational performance decrement of military personnel in two marginal scenarios: Troops deployed in an open area or a tank crew.A remarkable difference in the expected radial zones of possible RCI occurrence was found between the actions of a 'historical' atomic bomb, thermonuclear weapons, and low-yield neutron munitions, also with a noticeable impact of the season factor (summer/winter). For a tank crew the clinically manageable RCI are possible only in very high yield explosion scenarios, while the damage caused by radiation alone possess much higher risk.Suggested formalism may provide guidance for a preliminary planning of countermeasures, targeting of radiation reconnaissance, and clarification of triage results in a broad range of radiological scenarios based on NW detonation. Further improvement of the model is possible by considering neutrons' and gamma-rays' relative biological efficacy, possible shielding factors, and a synergetic effect of NW's destructive forces.
最长约 10秒,即可获得该文献文件

科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI
更新
PDF的下载单位、IP信息已删除 (2025-6-4)

科研通是完全免费的文献互助平台,具备全网最快的应助速度,最高的求助完成率。 对每一个文献求助,科研通都将尽心尽力,给求助人一个满意的交代。
实时播报
彪行天下完成签到,获得积分10
5秒前
danli完成签到 ,获得积分10
6秒前
guangyu完成签到,获得积分10
8秒前
学术老6完成签到,获得积分10
9秒前
c123完成签到 ,获得积分10
11秒前
恐怖稽器人完成签到,获得积分10
11秒前
WXR完成签到,获得积分10
12秒前
科研小白完成签到,获得积分10
12秒前
13秒前
可爱丸子完成签到,获得积分10
13秒前
皮汤汤完成签到 ,获得积分10
14秒前
JXDYYZK完成签到,获得积分10
15秒前
SYLH应助lu采纳,获得10
15秒前
Servant2023完成签到,获得积分10
15秒前
鸽子的迷信完成签到,获得积分10
17秒前
nine2652完成签到 ,获得积分10
18秒前
烂漫的睫毛完成签到 ,获得积分10
20秒前
量子星尘发布了新的文献求助10
20秒前
陈老太完成签到 ,获得积分10
21秒前
宇宇宇c完成签到,获得积分10
22秒前
zxt完成签到,获得积分10
23秒前
大橙子发布了新的文献求助10
26秒前
聪明静柏完成签到 ,获得积分10
28秒前
kimiwanano完成签到,获得积分10
30秒前
lu完成签到,获得积分10
31秒前
Profeto应助齐嫒琳采纳,获得10
32秒前
33秒前
情怀应助科研通管家采纳,获得10
34秒前
从来都不会放弃zr完成签到,获得积分10
38秒前
1459完成签到,获得积分10
40秒前
行者+完成签到,获得积分10
40秒前
GongSyi完成签到 ,获得积分10
41秒前
Boris完成签到 ,获得积分10
43秒前
哭泣笑柳完成签到,获得积分10
43秒前
万能图书馆应助大橙子采纳,获得10
46秒前
大眼睛土豆完成签到,获得积分10
50秒前
一条虫gg完成签到,获得积分10
53秒前
54秒前
55秒前
58秒前
高分求助中
【提示信息,请勿应助】关于scihub 10000
Les Mantodea de Guyane: Insecta, Polyneoptera [The Mantids of French Guiana] 3000
徐淮辽南地区新元古代叠层石及生物地层 3000
The Mother of All Tableaux: Order, Equivalence, and Geometry in the Large-scale Structure of Optimality Theory 3000
Handbook of Industrial Diamonds.Vol2 1100
Global Eyelash Assessment scale (GEA) 1000
Picture Books with Same-sex Parented Families: Unintentional Censorship 550
热门求助领域 (近24小时)
化学 材料科学 医学 生物 工程类 有机化学 生物化学 物理 内科学 纳米技术 计算机科学 化学工程 复合材料 遗传学 基因 物理化学 催化作用 冶金 细胞生物学 免疫学
热门帖子
关注 科研通微信公众号,转发送积分 4038157
求助须知:如何正确求助?哪些是违规求助? 3575869
关于积分的说明 11373842
捐赠科研通 3305650
什么是DOI,文献DOI怎么找? 1819255
邀请新用户注册赠送积分活动 892655
科研通“疑难数据库(出版商)”最低求助积分说明 815022