Performance Characteristics of Lithium Titanate Doped Zirconium as Anode Material of Lithium Ion Battery and Its Potential for Cycle Recovery

Lithium titanate or (Li4Ti5O12) is one of potential materials applied as anode material for energy storage device. The material, however, has poor electrochemical properties. This study is aimed to study Zr-doped Li4Ti5O12 properties and electrochemical performance in a full cell. In this work, a facile solid state reaction is employed to prepare Li4Ti5-xO12Zrx (x=0, 0.025, 0.05, and 0.075). Starting materials were stoichiometrically calculated and handily mixed for an hour, followed by calcination at 800oC for three hours. The XRD pattern reveals that the shipments to the higher angel of the highest peak are observed and indicate successful substitution process. The half-cell (Li metal/Li4Ti4.95O12Zr0.05) provides the highest conductivity value of the assembled cells, 0.15 mS cm-1. Cyclic Voltammetry measurement exhibits that the reduction peak of each half-cell is enhanced as an increasing amount of zirconium. The Charge-Discharge test also confirm that the highest capacity of the cells, 135.0 mAhg-1, is achieved by the cell based Li4Ti4.95O12Zr0.05. Full cell performance present that Li4Ti4.95O12Zr0.05 own higher capacity at various C-rates. Moreover, the specific capacitance of full cell based Li4Ti4.95O12Zr0.05 can sustain 82% after 100th cycle at 0.5C, higher than that of Li4Ti5O12 (22.4%). In addition, full cell performance also exhibits a potential for recovery cycle as shown in 90th cycle.