Structure characteristics and hygrothermal performance of silica aerogel composites for building thermal insulation in humid areas

气凝胶 材料科学 复合材料 保温 热导率 水分 纤维 湿度 复合数 热的 摩尔吸收率 热力学 光学 物理 气象学 图层(电子)
作者
Yanchen Liu,Huijun Wu,Yuhui Zhang,Jianming Yang,Fu‐An He
出处
期刊:Energy and Buildings [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:228: 110452-110452 被引量:53
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110452
摘要

Building thermal insulation can enhance the thermal environment of buildings, thus decreasing energy consumption. Traditional inorganic insulation materials are easy to absorb moisture so that their insulation performance is reduced significantly when they are used in humid environment. It is of great significance to develop new building insulation materials with low moisture absorption and high thermal insulation. In this paper, sol-gel method and ambient pressure drying were used to prepare polyester fiber felt/silica aerogel composite thermal-insulation material. The hydrophobic properties and the microstructure of the aerogel composites were characterized. Moreover, the water-vapor transmission rate and the moisture absorption rate of the aerogel composites and the fiber felt in various humidity conditions were measured. Transient thermal plane method was applied to the measurement of the thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity and moisture absorptivity of the polyester fiber felt increased significantly with the increase of ambient humidity. After being composited with silica aerogel, both moisture absorptivity and thermal conductivity decreased significantly and kept small value even in high humidity. The moisture absorption rate of the composites is approximately 1%, and the thermal conductivity is 0.0176–0.0187 W·m−1·K−1. Therefore, the prepared fiber felt/silica aerogel composites could be widely used for building insulation even in humid areas.
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