Extracellular RNAs in periodontopathogenic outer membrane vesicles promote TNF‐α production in human macrophages and cross the blood‐brain barrier in mice

神经炎症 胞外囊泡 细胞生物学 微泡 生物 血脑屏障 细菌外膜 细胞外 炎症 基因沉默 基因表达 肿瘤坏死因子α 微生物学 小RNA 免疫学 基因 中枢神经系统 遗传学 神经科学 大肠杆菌
作者
Eun‐Chong Han,Song‐Yi Choi,Youngkyun Lee,Jin‐Woo Park,Su‐Hyung Hong,Heon‐Jin Lee
出处
期刊:The FASEB Journal [Wiley]
卷期号:33 (12): 13412-13422 被引量:167
标识
DOI:10.1096/fj.201901575r
摘要

Among the main bacteria implicated in the pathology of periodontal disease, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) is well known for causing loss of periodontal attachment and systemic disease. Recent studies have suggested that secreted extracellular RNAs (exRNAs) from several bacteria may be important in periodontitis, although their role is unclear. Emerging evidence indicates that exRNAs circulate in nanosized bilayered and membranous extracellular vesicles (EVs) known as outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) in gram‐negative bacteria. In this study, we analyzed the small RNA expression profiles in activated human macrophage‐like cells (U937) infected with OMVs from Aa and investigated whether these cells can harbor exRNAs of bacterial origin that have been loaded into the host RNA‐induced silencing complex, thus regulating host target transcripts. Our results provide evidence for the cytoplasmic delivery and activity of microbial EV‐derived small exRNAs in host gene regulation. The production of TNF‐α was promoted by exRNAs via the TLR‐8 and NF‐κB signaling pathways. Numerous studies have linked periodontal disease to neuroinflammatory diseases but without elucidating specific mechanisms for the connection. We show here that intracardiac injection of Aa OMVs in mice showed successful delivery to the brain after crossing the blood‐brain barrier, the exRNA cargos increasing expression of TNF‐α in the mouse brain. The current study indicates that host gene regulation by microRNAs originating from OMVs of the periodontal pathogen Aa is a novel mechanism for host gene regulation and that the transfer of OMV exRNAs to the brain may cause neuroinflammatory diseases like Alzheimer's.—Han, E.‐C., Choi, S.‐Y., Lee, Y., Park, J.‐W., Hong S.‐H., Lee, H.‐J. Extracellular RNAs in periodontopathogenic outer membrane vesicles promote TNF‐α production in human macrophages and cross the blood‐brain barrier in mice. FASEB J. 33, 13412–13422 (2019). www.fasebj.org
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