Lower Genital Tract Microbiome—A Work in Progress

The lower genital tract microbiome is composed of millions upon millions of microbes colonizing this unique anatomical niche reflecting the influence of genetic, biologic, and behavioral factors. Over the last decade, as a result of ever advancing technology and research investment, our knowledge of this complex microbiome ecosystem has grown enormously. All too often such progress remains invisible to practitioners. In this special issue, clinical scientists, in a unique contribution, have bridged the ever-increasing distance between vaginal microbiota science and clinical disease. Approaching a myriad of pathologic entities, authors describe the clinical application of recent molecular laboratory findings encouraging diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic advances. Nevertheless, challenges are recognized and the authors outline vulvovaginal disease management opportunities. Above all, exposing the dynamism of vaginal microbiota affords a better understanding of pathogenesis of lower genital tract disease.