免疫系统
雌激素受体
选择性雌激素受体调节剂
芳香化酶
雌激素
生物
自身免疫
先天免疫系统
获得性免疫系统
免疫
受体
雌激素受体
免疫学
癌症研究
内分泌学
癌症
乳腺癌
遗传学
作者
Binita Chakraborty,Jovita Byemerwa,Taylor K. Krebs,Felicia Lim,Ching‐yi Chang,Donald P. McDonnell
出处
期刊:Endocrine Reviews
[The Endocrine Society]
日期:2022-06-16
卷期号:44 (1): 117-141
被引量:62
标识
DOI:10.1210/endrev/bnac017
摘要
The immune system functions in a sexually dimorphic manner, with females exhibiting more robust immune responses than males. However, how female sex hormones affect immune function in normal homeostasis and in autoimmunity is poorly understood. In this review, we discuss how estrogens affect innate and adaptive immune cell activity and how dysregulation of estrogen signaling underlies the pathobiology of some autoimmune diseases and cancers. The potential roles of the major circulating estrogens, and each of the 3 estrogen receptors (ERα, ERβ, and G-protein coupled receptor) in the regulation of the activity of different immune cells are considered. This provides the framework for a discussion of the impact of ER modulators (aromatase inhibitors, selective estrogen receptor modulators, and selective estrogen receptor downregulators) on immunity. Synthesis of this information is timely given the considerable interest of late in defining the mechanistic basis of sex-biased responses/outcomes in patients with different cancers treated with immune checkpoint blockade. It will also be instructive with respect to the further development of ER modulators that modulate immunity in a therapeutically useful manner.
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