First Report of Barley Virus G Infecting Winter Barley (Hordeum vulgare) in France

HomePlant DiseaseVol. 107, No. 2First Report of Barley Virus G Infecting Winter Barley (Hordeum vulgare) in France PreviousNext DISEASE NOTE OPENOpen Access licenseFirst Report of Barley Virus G Infecting Winter Barley (Hordeum vulgare) in FranceL. Svanella-Dumas, C. Vitry, R. Valade, N. Robin, J. B. Thibord, A. Marais, and T. CandresseL. Svanella-DumasUniv. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR BFP, CS 20032, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon CEDEX, France, C. VitryARVALIS, Institut du végétal, Boigneville 91720, France, R. Valadehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8286-2397ARVALIS, Institut du végétal, Boigneville 91720, France, N. RobinARVALIS, Institut du végétal, Montardon 64121, France, J. B. ThibordARVALIS, Institut du végétal, Montardon 64121, France, A. Maraishttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2482-1543Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR BFP, CS 20032, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon CEDEX, France, and T. Candresse†Corresponding author: T. Candresse; E-mail Address: [email protected]https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9757-1835Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR BFP, CS 20032, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon CEDEX, FranceAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations L. Svanella-Dumas1 C. Vitry2 R. Valade2 N. Robin3 J. B. Thibord3 A. Marais1 T. Candresse1 † 1Univ. Bordeaux, INRAE, UMR BFP, CS 20032, 33882 Villenave d'Ornon CEDEX, France 2ARVALIS, Institut du végétal, Boigneville 91720, France 3ARVALIS, Institut du végétal, Montardon 64121, France Published Online:22 Jan 2023https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS-06-22-1294-PDNAboutSectionsPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat As part of a cereals virome project, high-throughput sequencing (HTS)-based viral indexing was performed on plants of various cereals with symptoms of barley yellow dwarf disease collected in June (2017 to 2020) in the main French cereals production areas. Total RNAs from 32 individual plants, including 9 winter barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) plants, were purified (RNeasy Plant Mini Kit; Qiagen, Courtaboeuf, France) and Illumina sequenced (2 × 150 nt) following ribodepletion (Genewiz-Azenta, Leipzig, Germany). Following quality trimming, reads for each sample were de novo assembled (CLC Genomics Workbench 21; Qiagen) (Marais et al. 2018) and contigs annotated by BlastX analysis. In four winter barley samples collected in 2018 (18-58, 18-325, and 18-326) and 2019 (19-30A), besides contigs representing diverse viruses such as barley yellow dwarf viruses-PAV and PAS, Hordeum vulgare endornavirus, cereal yellow dwarf virus-RPV (18-326), wheat dwarf virus (18-325 and 18-326), and a novel Polerovirus (18-58 and 18-326), large contigs with high identity to barley virus G (BVG) were identified. BVG, a tentative Polerovirus, was initially reported in barley in South Korea in 2016 (Zhao et al. 2016) and has so far been identified in a few other hosts including wheat, oat, maize, proso and foxtail millets, and switchgrass. It has been reported from the United States, Australia (Nancarrow et al. 2019), and, in Europe, from the Netherlands, Germany, Hungary, and Greece (Gavrili et al. 2021). Large BVG scaffolds representing near-complete genomes could be reconstructed for each sample, integrating a total of 128,339, 7,188, 8,078, and 20,073 reads, for samples 19-30A, 18-58, 18-325, and 18-326, respectively. Given that between 17.2 and 20.5 million reads had been obtained per sample, these values translate into between 0.04% (18-58 and 18-325) and 0.6% (19-30A) of total reads, and to average coverages of between 158× (18-58) and 2,866× (19-30A) for the genomic scaffolds. The four assembled sequences (5,584 to 5,610 nt) have been deposited in GenBank (ON419453 to ON419456). They are nearly identical (98.4 to 99.5% nt identity) and share between 97.7 and 98.5% nt identity with a barley reference isolate from South Korea (NC_029906). To confirm the presence of BVG, a primer pair was designed based on available BVG sequences. Primers BVG-F (5′-CTAGCCCAACGAGTTGCGGG-3′) and BVG-R (5′-GGTACAGAAGCTCTACGGTTC-3′) amplifying a 394-nt product were used in a two-step RT-PCR on new RNA extracts obtained from the 18-325 and 18-326 infected plants. The amplicons were directly sequenced and showed 99.2% (ON419457, 18-325) and 100% (18-326) nt identity with the corresponding de novo scaffolds. The four analyzed samples were collected in 2018 (18-58, 18-325, 18-326) and 2019 (19-30A) in three different regions of France (Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Occitanie, and Centre-Val de Loire), indicating a wide distribution and a persistence over time of BVG in France. To our knowledge, this represents the first report of a natural infection of BVG in cultivated winter barley in France. Presence of BVG may have been overlooked in a range of situations, as indicated by its retrospective discovery in a 34-year-old Australian sample (Nancarrow et al. 2019), possibly explaining its broad distribution in France. While the mixed infection status of the analyzed plants precludes any conclusion on its pathogenicity in French cereals, BVG has been reported to be associated with a range of symptoms in various hosts, so that further studies to evaluate its prevalence and impact in France and to begin to understand its epidemiology are clearly warranted by the present results.The author(s) declare no conflict of interest.References:Gavrili, V., et al. 2021. J. Plant Pathol. 103:1331. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42161-021-00903-4Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarMarais, A., et al. 2018. Methods Mol. Biol. 1746:45. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7683-6_4Crossref, Google ScholarNancarrow, N., et al. 2019. Microbiol. Res. Announc. 8:e01292-19. https://doi.org/10.1128/MRA.01292-19Crossref, Google ScholarZhao, F., et al. 2016. Arch. Virol. 161:2047. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00705-016-2881-0Crossref, ISI, Google ScholarThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 107, No. 2 February 2023SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Download Cover Image Metrics Article History Issue Date: 28 Feb 2023Published: 22 Jan 2023First Look: 30 Jun 2022Accepted: 22 Jun 2022 Page: 591 Information© 2023 The American Phytopathological SocietyKeywordscereals and grainsfield cropspathogen detectionviruses and viroidsThe author(s) declare no conflict of interest.PDF downloadCited byFirst Report of Barley Virus G Infecting Wheat (Triticum aestivum) in JapanT. Ohki28 July 2023 | Plant Disease, Vol. 107, No. 8