Cultivating human tissues and organs over lab-on-a-chip models: Recent progress and applications

芯片上器官 微流控芯片 体内 药物开发 生物 体外 计算生物学 药理学 药品 医学 微流控 病理 生物技术 纳米技术 生物化学 材料科学
作者
Stuti Bhagat,Sanjay Singh
出处
期刊:Progress in Molecular Biology and Translational Science [Academic Press]
卷期号:: 205-240 被引量:5
标识
DOI:10.1016/bs.pmbts.2021.07.023
摘要

In vivo models are indispensable for preclinical studies for various human disease modeling and drug screening, however, face several obstacles such as animal model species differences and ethical clearance. Additionally, it is difficult to accurately predict the organ interaction, drug efficacy, and toxicity using conventional in vitro two-dimensional (2D) cell culture models. The microfluidic-based systems provide excellent opportunity to recapitulate the human organ/tissue functions under in vitro conditions. The organ/tissue-on-chip models are one of best emerging technologies that offer functional organs/tissues on a microfluidic chip. This technology has potential to noninvasively study the organ physiology, tissue development, and diseases etymology. This chapter comprises the benifits of 2D and three-dimensional (3D) in vitro cultures as well as highlights the importance of microfluidic-based lab-on-a-chip technique. The development of different organs/tissues-on-chip models and their biomedical application in various diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, respiratory-based diseases, cancers, liver and kidney diseases, etc., have also been discussed.
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