Carboxylation with Carbon Dioxide as a C 1 Source via Carbon–Carbon Bond Forming Reactions

Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) is an ideal carbon source owing to its abundance, low cost, nontoxicity, and good potential as a renewable source. However, its thermodynamic and kinetic stability hinders its activation, which has traditionally limited the development of carbon–carbon (CC) bond-forming reactions via catalytic CO 2 fixation. Recent advances in this field have demonstrated that catalytic carboxylation for the synthesis of carboxylic acids and their derivatives have entered a new phase. In this chapter, the transition metal-catalyzed carboxylation of CO 2 via CC bond formation is summarized.