气候变化
中国
杠杆(统计)
基线(sea)
供水
电
用水
环境科学
水资源
自然资源经济学
适应气候变化
业务
水资源管理
地理
经济
环境工程
生态学
渔业
工程类
机器学习
电气工程
考古
生物
计算机科学
作者
Ping Qin,Shuai Chen,Jie-Sheng Tan-Soo,Xiaobing Zhang
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.envsci.2022.07.019
摘要
While it has been concluded that climate change poses a significant threat to worldwide supply of freshwater resources, it is unclear if and how demand for water would also be affected. To fill this knowledge gap, we leverage on 'big data' collected using smart water meters from over 40,000 Chinese urban households, spanning nine years and ten provinces to examine the relationship between daily household water usage and climate variability. At the baseline, we find that municipal water is not only a coping mechanism for heat, but its usage is accelerated during heatwave events. Heterogeneity analyses reveal that households from lower-valued properties are more likely to substitute water for electricity to counter heat. Importantly, we find evidence of adaptation behaviors where over time, households are using increasingly more water to cope with high-temperature days. In all, after feeding our results into climate projection models, it is estimated that household water usage will increase by around 7–44% in the long-term (2080–2099) under emissions scenarios of SSP245 and SSP370. Our findings are especially relevant for water-scarce countries such as China as well as developing countries where water is a cheaper and more accessible resource to cope with heat.
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