Spatial and Temporal Variation Characteristics of Glacier Resources in Xinjiang over the Past 50 Years

冰川 融水 气候变化 自然地理学 冰川形态 地质学 冰川物质平衡 堆积带 浪涌 气候学 水文学(农业) 冰层 地貌学 地理 海洋学 冰流 海冰 岩土工程
作者
Xueying Zhang,Lin Liu,Zhengyong Zhang,Ziwei Kang,Hao Tian,Tongxia Wang,Hongjin Chen
出处
期刊:Water [Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute]
卷期号:14 (7): 1057-1057 被引量:6
标识
DOI:10.3390/w14071057
摘要

Changes in glacier resources and their meltwater runoff contributions in Xinjiang are significant to the hydrological processes and water resources utilization. This study used the first and second Chinese Glacier Inventory, geomorphological and meteorological data. GIS spatial analysis technology was used to explore the characteristics of glacier change and its response to topography and climate change in Xinjiang in the last 50 years. The results show that there are currently 20,695 glaciers in Xinjiang with a total area of 22,742.55 km2 and ice reserves of about 2229.17 km3. Glaciers in Xinjiang are concentrated at 5100–6000 m. The Tianshan mountains have the largest number of glaciers. However, the Kunlun mountains have the largest glaciers and ice reserves. The scale of glaciers is significantly larger in the south than that in the north. The changes in glaciers in Xinjiang during the last 50 years are mainly receding and splitting, and their number, area, and ice reserves have decreased by 1359, 7080.12 km2 and 482.65 km3, respectively. Small glaciers are more sensitive to climate change. Glaciers are basically unchanged in regions above 6000 m. The glaciers on the south slope of mountains are more susceptible to climate change. The phenomenon of an increase in the number of glaciers but decreasing total area in the southern mountains is related to glacier extinction and splitting. Glacier development and formation are determined by the combination of topography and hydrothermal material conditions. The change of glacier areas in Xinjiang is jointly affected by climatic conditions (53.45%) and topographic conditions (46.55%), among which climatic conditions are more prominent.
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