Roles of gelator type and gelation technology on texture and sensory properties of cookies prepared with oleogels

In this paper, different types of oleogels were prepared by five gelators including hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), monoacylglycerol (MAG), sodium stearyl lactate (SSL), rice bran wax (RBW) and beeswax (BW), and their applications in cookies were compared. Texture, microstructure, and colour results showed that MAG, RBW and shortening based cookies had similar hardness, porous structure, and L*, a*, b*. MAG and RBW exhibited excellent rheological properties similar to shortening. Regarding the consumer sensory evaluation of cookies, RBW, MAG and shortening had similar scores of 3.9, 4.3 and 4.1, respectively. For wax-based oleogels, the higher the content of β' crystal and solid fat content (SFC), the lower the hardness of cookies, but the cookies hardness of emulsifier based oleogels do not depend on β' content and SFC. This paper confirmed the best gelators for cookies, and provided a reference for developing the oleogels to match the quality of shortening in cookies.