Influence of high-temperature and high-humidity aging on the material and adhesive properties of addition curing silicone adhesives

材料科学 胶粘剂 复合材料 硅酮 固化(化学) 湿度 相对湿度 肿胀 的 粘附 肖氏硬度计 傅里叶变换红外光谱 化学工程 物理 图层(电子) 工程类 热力学
作者
Artur Kochanke,Katharina Krämer,Christoph Üffing,Andreas Hartwig
出处
期刊:International Journal of Adhesion and Adhesives [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:111: 102980-102980 被引量:14
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2021.102980
摘要

Silicones are commonly used as sealants when high-performance materials are required due to harsh environmental conditions. To ensure a proper sealing function, the buildup of adhesion to the adherends is a prerequisite that is often addressed by the addition of adhesion promoters. However, the investigation of the fundamental adhesion mechanisms of silicones has been widely neglected. This work focuses on adhesive bond properties with aluminum adherends without the usage of adhesion promoters. The influence of high-temperature and high-humidity aging on the adhesive bond and material properties is examined. For this purpose, we formulated an addition curing silicone adhesive with a known composition. Aging took place for up to 56 d at different temperatures ranging from room temperature to 150 °C. In addition, we examined the influence of moisture by applying high-humidity conditions (85 °C/85% relative humidity). Changes in bulk material properties were characterized by stress at break, strain at break, Shore A hardness and swelling degree. Moreover, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy provided information about the chemical processes. The adhesive properties were determined using lap-shear joints. At high-temperature aging, the strain at break decreases while the hardness of the bulk material increases. A lower degree of swelling suggests an increasing cross-linking density. At the same time, lap-shear strengths increase and cohesive fracture patterns indicate a substantial buildup of adhesion. The samples aged under high-humidity conditions show a more complicated behavior. The increase in cross-linking density proceeds slower compared to high-temperature conditions (130 °C and 150 °C) but reaches higher values after 56 d. Lap-shear strengths tend to be lower compared to high-temperature storage and are accompanied by a significant amount of adhesive failure. FTIR spectroscopy reveals reactions of the residual hydrosiloxane groups of the cross-linking agent. However, these reactions are insufficient to fully explain the observed behavior. Therefore, reactions of the siloxane backbone are suggested. Although no specific adhesion promoters were used, high-temperature conditions enabled a substantial adhesion buildup of addition curing silicones on aluminum adherends under dry conditions. In contrast, humid conditions disturb adhesion buildup and are rather unfavorable for adhesion.
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