Engineering improved T cell receptors using an alanine-scan guided T cell display selection system

T细胞受体 贪婪 丙氨酸扫描 T细胞 否定选择 抗原 计算生物学 主要组织相容性复合体 噬菌体展示 生物 肽库 突变 链霉菌 细胞生物学 免疫系统 生物化学 肽序列 遗传学 突变 基因 基因组
作者
Karolina Malecek,Zhong Shi,Katelyn McGary,Connie Yu,Kevin Huang,Laura A. Johnson,Steven A. Rosenberg,Michelle Krogsgaard
出处
期刊:Journal of Immunological Methods [Elsevier BV]
卷期号:392 (1-2): 1-11 被引量:32
标识
DOI:10.1016/j.jim.2013.02.018
摘要

T cell receptors (TCRs) on T cells recognize peptide-major histocompatibility complex (pMHC) molecules on the surface of antigen presenting cells and this interaction determines the T cell immune response. Due to negative selection, naturally occurring TCRs bind self (tumor) peptides with low affinity and have a much higher affinity for foreign antigens. This complicates isolation of naturally occurring, high affinity TCRs that mediate more effective tumor rejection for therapeutic purposes. An attractive approach to resolve this issue is to engineer high affinity TCRs in vitro using phage, yeast or mammalian TCR display systems. A caveat of these systems is that they rely on a large library by random mutagenesis due to the lack of knowledge regarding the specific interactions between the TCR and pMHC. We have focused on the mammalian retroviral display system because it uniquely allows for direct comparison of TCR–pMHC-binding properties with T-cell activation outcomes. Through an alanine-scanning approach, we are able to quickly map the key amino acid residues directly involved in TCR–pMHC interactions thereby significantly reducing the library size. Using this method, we demonstrate that for a self-antigen-specific human TCR (R6C12) the key residues for pMHC binding are located in the CDR3β region. This information was used as a basis for designing an efficacious TCR CDR3α library that allowed for selection of TCRs with higher avidity than the wild-type as evaluated through binding and activation experiments. This is a direct approach to target specific TCR residues in TCR library design to efficiently engineer high avidity TCRs that may potentially be used to enhance adoptive immunotherapy treatments.
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