纵向一体化
产业组织
系统集成
上游(联网)
利用
盈利能力指数
业务
公司
多样性(控制论)
组分(热力学)
下游(制造业)
产品(数学)
收入
计算机科学
营销
电信
财务
物理
几何学
计算机安全
数学
人工智能
热力学
操作系统
出处
期刊:Industrial and Corporate Change
[Oxford University Press]
日期:2005-08-26
卷期号:14 (6): 1109-1143
被引量:448
摘要
Many of the world’s leading firms are developing a new model of industrial organization based on systems integration. Rather than performing all productive tasks in-house, companies are building the capabilities to design and integrate systems, while managing networks of component and subsystem suppliers. This article illustrates how systems integration evolved from its military, engineering-based, origins in the 1940s and 1950s to a modern-day strategic capability across a wide variety of sectors. Taking a resource-based view of the firm, the article shows how systems integration capabilities underpin the way high-technology companies compete by moving selectively up- and downstream in the marketplace through the simultaneous “twin” processes of vertical integration and disintegration. Systems integrators of capital goods move downstream into service-intensive offerings to expand revenue streams and increase profitability. By contrast, producers of high-volume components and consumer goods use systems integration capabilities to exploit upstream relationships with input suppliers. In both cases, strategic options and capabilities are shaped by the life cycle of each product. The article develops a clearer understanding of systems integration, arguing that it now represents a core capability of the modern high-technology corporation.
科研通智能强力驱动
Strongly Powered by AbleSci AI