An Analysis of the Interplay and Mutual Benefits of Grounded Theory and Visualization

Grounded theory (GT) is a research methodology that entails a systematic workflow for theory generation grounded on emergent data. In this paper, we juxtapose GT workflows with typical workflows in visualization and visual analytics (VIS), unveiling the characteristics shared by these workflows. We explore the research landscape of VIS to study where GT is applied to generate VIS theories, explicitly as well as implicitly. We discuss "why" GT can potentially play a significant role in VIS. We outline a "how" methodology for conducting GT research in VIS, which addresses the need for theoretical advancement in VIS while benefiting from other methods and techniques in VIS. We illustrate this "how" methodology with a use case of adopting GT approaches in studying visualization guidelines.